GROUP 2 - EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Nama ahli kumpulan:

Nor Hazirah binti Ismail (01DIS17F1012)

Nur Idzuanie binti Idrus (01DIS17F1020)

Fatin Aina binti Shari (01DIS17F1022)

Nur Haziqah binti Jamaludin (01DIS17F1023)

Nur Yusra Asyikin binti Yusof (01DIS17F1019)

Nur Syarah Afiqah binti Yusaini (01DIS17F1050)

Aizati binti Ammar (01DIS17F1046)

Puteri Nordiana bt Varusai Mohamed (01DDT17F2001)

Nur Syazana bt Omar (01DDT17F2008)

Riseebaa Saravanan (01DDT17F2023)

Praveena Kalaimaran (01DDT18F2018)

EMBEDDED SYSTEM

What is embedded system?

An embedded system is a combination of computer hardware and software, either fixed in capability or programmable, designed for a specific function or functions within a larger system. Industrial machines, agricultural and process industry devices, automobiles, medical equipment, cameras, household appliances, airplanes, vending machines and toys, as well as mobile devices, are possible locations for an embedded system.

Embedded systems are computing systems, but they can range from having no user interface (UI) -- for example, on devices in which the system is designed to perform a single task -- to complex graphical user interfaces (GUIs), such as in mobile devices. User interfaces can include buttons, LEDs, touchscreen sensing and more. Some systems use remote user interfaces as well.

Examples of Embedded Systems

Digital Camera

·         A digital camera is very good example of embedded systems.

·         Cameras that we use today are smart and have a lot of features that were not present in early cameras all because of embedded system used in them.

·         A digital camera has basically three functions, to capture image which we call data, to store image data, and to represent this data.

·         Today images are stored and processed in form of digital data in bits.

·         There is no need of film for storing images. This feature has increased the storage capacity and made it easy to transfer images.

·         In digital cameras, first image is captured and converted to digital form.

·         This digital image is stored in internal memory.

·         When the camera is attached to your personal computer for uploading images, it transfers the stored data.

·         If I talk about smart camera, it has some extra features than digital cameras.

·         Smart cameras are able to capture details of the scene.

Automatic Washing Machine

• Daily life examples of embedded systems include automatic washing machines and dryers.
• Washing clothes is not a difficult task now owing to embedded systems.
• You just have to add clothes and leave it to the machine. Rest operations are done by your machine itself.
• Machines have a Microcontroller for controlling all the tasks.
• Sensors and actuators in this case are level sensors, valves, motor and also a display and keypad to input information.
• Once you load clothes in machine, the whole process consists of three cycles. Washing, rinsing and spinning.
• All the three cycles are initiated by machine itself. You just have to enter information for hot or cold water and press start button.
• During washing and rinsing cycle, water is added to the drum by pipes.
• Closing and opening of valves for adding water is checked through level sensors by microcontroller like PIC Microcontroller.
• Then the rotation of drum starts for pre-set time. After that water is drained out through pipes.
• During spinning cycle, water is not added and drum rotates for a set time.
• All the processes are controlled by microcontroller program.
• The timings for each cycle can be changed through the keypad

Calculator        

• Calculator is also one of the examples of embedded systems.
• Actually it is one of very earlier embedded system that is used widely.
• In this example, the function is to take input from the keypad, perform the required operation and show the results on LCD.
• Embedded Scientific Calculator has a high performance processor.
• A number of mathematical complex calculations can be performed by these calculators.
• You can also program such scientific calculators.
• With such kind of functionality, these calculators are very advance as compared to simple calculators, all because of embedded systems.